VERBOS EN GERUNDIO/INFINITIVO

VERBOS EN  GERUNDIO/INFINITIVO 

Una de las dificultades del idioma inglés es saber si se usa un gerundio  (por ejemplo, hacer) o un infinitivo (por ejemplo, para hacer).

REGLAS:

Ejemplos		Reglas	Explicaciones
Verbo + gerundio	1. Me gusta jugar 2. Negué el robo	A menudo usamos el gerundio para una acción que ocurreantes o al mismo tiempo que la acción del verbo principal.	1. Me divierto al momento de jugar. 2. Niego haber robado algo antes.
Verbo + infinitivo	1. Decidí visitar a mi tío 2. Quiero salir	A menudo usamos el infinitivo para las acciones que siguen la acción del verbo principal.	1. Visitar a mi tío fue una acción de mi decisión. Viene después. 2. Lo que quiero (ahora) es salir (después / más tarde)

VERBOS CONMUMENTE SEGUIDOS POR UN GERUNDIO:

1- Después de los verbos likes/dislikes :

·         like

·         love

·         enjoy

·         dislike

·         hate

·         Example:

" I like playing soccer but I hate boxing."

" Me gusta jugar fútbol pero odio el boxeo. "

Note "like/love/hate..." can be also followed by an infinitive:

·         Example:

I like to watch TV in the evening.

Me gusta ver la televisión por la noche.

2- Después de verbos tales como: 

Verbs	Examples
admit	He admitted stealing the wallet.
advise	I wouldn't advise buying a used car.
allow	They don't allow smoking here. (Note that when an object is introduced an infinitive is used instead of a gerund: they allowed us to leave early.)
anticipate	He anticipated passing the exam.
avoid	She avoided meeting him.
appreciate	I appreciate working with you.
complete	They completed building their house.
consider	She considered starting a new business.
delay	She delayed doing her homework.
deny	He denied stealing the money.
fancy	Fancy meeting you here!
finish	She finished writing the letter.
go	go swimming.
imagine	He imagines meeting her.
involve	the job involves working in teams.
keep	He keeps complaining about his girlfriend.
mention	He mentioned working in that company.
mind	Would you mind helping me?
miss	He misses talking to her.
permit	The don't permit smoking here. (Note that, like allow, when an object is introduced an infinitive is used instead of a gerund: they permitted us to leave early.)
postpone	They postponed traveling to Japan.
practice	She practiced painting.
reject	He rejected working with them.
resist	He couldn't resist eating the cake.
risk	She risks losing her job.
suggest	I suggest leaving early.
waste time/money	Don't waste my time complaining.

3- Después de las preposiciones

·         aim at

·         keep on

·         interested in    

·         instead of

·         good at

·         before ...

·         after ...

Example:

·         "I am interested in collecting stamps."
"After playing football I drank an orange juice".

·         "Estoy interesado en coleccionar sellos".
“Después de jugar al fútbol bebí un zumo de naranja".

4- Después de algunas expresiones:

·         It's no use ...

·         It's no good ...

·         There's no point in ...

·         I can't help...

·         I don't mind...

·         I can't stand/bear...

Example:

" It's no use convincing him to meet her. "

"No sirve de nada convencerlo de que la conozca".

Verbos que pueden ser seguidos por un infinitivo

1- Después de los verbos que generalmente se refieren a un evento futuro:

Verbs	Examples
afford	We can't afford to buy a new car.
agree	She agreed to help him.
aim	The government aims to reduce illiteracy rates
arrange	He arranged to stay at a hotel.
attempt	He attempted to join them.
choose	He chose to stay at home.
consent	She consented to marry him.
decide	They decided to go to the movies.
deserve	He deserves to be punished.
demand	He demanded to speak to Mrs. Lynch
endeavor	They endeavor to provide the best possible service
expect	They expected to arrive early.
fail	He failed to convince him.
happen	They happened to be at the theatre when we met them.
help	She helped me to do the exercise. (Note, help is also followed by a bare infinitive: She helped me do the exercise.)
hope	I hope to join you as soon as possible.
intend	She intends to write an autobiography.
learn	He learned to play the guitar when he was young.
manage	He managed to do his homework without his mother's help.
need	I need to find a job.
offer	He offers to help us.
plan	He plans to follow a career as an engineer.
pretend	The child pretended to be asleep.
proceed	He proceeded to show us how to use the machine.
promise	She promised to come on time.
refuse	She refused to forgive him.
seem	He seemed to be unhappy.
swear	I swear to tell the truth.
threaten	He threatened to reveal her secret.
volunteer	He always volunteers to help the needy.
want	I want to finish my work early.
would hate	He would hate to lose.
would like	He would like to drink a cup of tea.
would love	I would love to meet you.

2- Después de los adjetivos

·         be determined

·         be disappointed

·         be glad

·         be happy

·         be pleased 

Examples:

"I'm glad to know that you passed the exam."
"I'm pleased to meet you."
"I'm disappointed to hear that you flunked maths."

·         ser determinado

·         estar decepcionado

·         estar contento

·         sea ​​feliz

·         estar contento 

Ejemplos:

"Me alegra saber que pasaste el examen".
"Estoy encantado de conocerte."
"Estoy decepcionado al saber que reprobaron las matemáticas".

3- Después de "demasiado" y "suficiente":

·         too difficult

·        
easy enough

Example:

"It's too difficult to convince him to be helpful."
" But it's easy enough to fool him to get what you want."

·         Demasiado difícil lo

·         suficientemente fácil

Ejemplo:

"It's too difficult to convince him to be helpful."
" But it's easy enough to fool him to get what you want."

VERBOS CON GERUNDIO O INFINITIVO:

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive. Here are some examples:

·         start

·         begin

·         stop

·         remember...

Example:

"I started smoking when I was young."
"I started to smoke when I left the office."

VÍDEO PARA UNA MEJOR COMPRENCION: